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#limestone

2 publicaciones2 participantes0 publicaciones hoy

Thinking of dabbling into trad, looking to build out a rack on an as-needed basis.

Climbing here mostly in Southern Ontario, so limestone blocks along the Niagara escarpment.

Some light research suggests I should:

  • favour passive pro over cams (slimestone, etc.)
  • consider offset nuts

... then the topics seem to always drift into a discussion about the merits of tricams lol

Looking at the dragons in size 2-4 to start.

Am I on the right track?

Also I'm legit afraid of using the #nuts or #rack tags.

Thinking of dabbling in trad, looking to build out a rack on an as-needed basis.

Climbing here mostly in Southern Ontario, so limestone blocks along the Niagara escarpment.

Some light research suggests I should:

  • favour passive pro over cams (slimestone, etc.)
  • Buy offset nuts

... Then the topics seem to always drift into a discussion about the merits of tricams lol

Looking at the dragons in size 2-4 to start.

Am I on the right track?

Also I'm legit afraid of using the #nuts or #rack tags.

Keystone (limestone) (Paleontology 🦕)

Keystone is a type of limestone, or coral rag, quarried in the Florida Keys, in particular from Windley Key fossil quarry, which is now a State Park of Florida. The limestone is Pleistocene in age, and the rock primarily consists of scleractinian coral, such as Elkhorn coral and Brain coral. The Hurricane Monument, commemorating victims of the Labor Day Hurricane of 1...

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keystone

New publication: #Liming enhances the abundance and stability of #nitrogen-cycling #microbes: the buffering effect of long-term lime application. #grassland #nitrification #Nfixation #denitrification #limestone
doi.org/10.1007/s00374-025-018

SpringerLinkLiming enhances the abundance and stability of nitrogen-cycling microbes: the buffering effect of long-term lime application - Biology and Fertility of SoilsLime application (liming) has historically been used to ameliorate soil acidity in grasslands. Liming effectively improves soil pH, plant productivity, and soil physicochemical properties, but the long-term impact of acidity control by liming on key microbial nitrogen (N)-cycling genes in semi-natural grasslands is unknown. We investigated the effect of 65 years of liming on N-cycling processes in the limed and control plots of the Ossekampen long-term grassland experiment in the Netherlands. These plots have not received any other fertilizers for 65 years. Soil sampling and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission measurements were conducted three times in spring and four times in summer, and quantitative real-time PCR was performed to determine the absolute abundances of N-cycling genes, including ammonia-oxidation (amoA-AOB, amoA-AOA, amoA-comammox), denitrification (nirS, nirK, nosZ), nitrate ammonification (nrfA), and N-fixation (nifH) genes. Long-term liming increased the absolute abundances of nitrifiers, denitrifiers, and nitrate ammonifiers. Soil N2O emissions did not differ significantly between liming and control treatments. Additionally, liming had a buffering effect that maintained the population of N-cycling microbes against seasonal variations in abundance. Our results indicate that improving soil acidity through liming potentially facilitates microbial N-cycling processes without increasing N2O emissions.

#Karstmas day 4

For today, enjoy this image of a 586 ft (179 m) single pitch, put yer rack on and go, pit in the US. It's called Fantastic, and it really is! It is the longest cave rappel in the lower 48. (Alaska has one that beats it!)

The day we went it was high water, and as you can see there is a massive waterfall. Wind created by the falling water in the pit whipped it around, constantly shifting where it was landing. The rig is out of the water for safety reasons, but the bottom 200 ft we were getting soaked by spray nonetheless.

This is a lightpainted image, my partner (the dark spot on rope) and I communicated via radio as I directed where & when to paint with a very bright (1000+ lumen) light as I opened and closed the shutter as needed. As high as he looks in the image, he is only 200ft above me. There is another 400ft above him...notice the waterfall disappears before the pinpoint of light at the top. The waterfall faded, too small to see.

Remember I talked about rope weight on day 2? Rope also stretches some, even the super-static* kind we use. In 600 feet, this is not a negligible amount, there's about 10 feet of stretch that I had to 'climb' before I got off the ground. In that process, the wind in the pit shifted *whomp* shoving me down slamming my back onto the cobbles. *ouch* Twas a painful climb after that, with an epic bruise to show for it!

So. You'd better enjoy this photo! I suffered for it! :boost_requested:

*For those curious, cave rope of choice for things like this in the US is PMI Pit Rope Max Wear, which has elongation at 300 lbf of only 1.8%.